Researcher uses "photovoice" method; three participants were given disposable cameras to document negative reminders of residential schools and strengths existing in the community for continuing the healing process. Later they discussed their motivations and thoughts about the photos. Researcher then expanded and interpreted their responses.
Argues that emphasis on vocational curriculum not only stemmed from the belief that Native Americans were not fit for higher education, but was also intended to erase tribal identity, history, and communalism, and foster individualism.