Journal of American Indian Education, vol. 35, no. 3, May 1996, pp. [5-32]
Description
First Senate-nominated woman to serve in U.S. federal service, held liberal views on women's rights, yet maintained the racist philosophy toward Native Americans, consistent with her times.
Ethnohistory, vol. 44, no. 2, Spring, 1997, pp. 263-304
Description
Looks at the interaction between the United States government and aboriginals during the assimilation period, and the ways in which their employment was an important but short-lived component of United States Indian policy.
Looks at politics and practices of cross cultural communication by examining the historical and current status of American Indians as subjects and participants in the educational system.
Harvard Educational Review, vol. 58, no. 1, February 1988
Description
Examines three perspectives that were factors in the campaign to assimilate aboriginal people through schooling: the Protestant ideology, the civilization-savagism paradigm, and the quest for land by Whites.
Discusses deeper meaning of assimilation policies as factors of Indian schooling based on 3 perspectives; Protestant ideology, civilized versus savage paradigm, and land quest of whites.
Studies in American Indian Literatures, vol. 27, no. 2, Summer, 2015, pp. 62-79
Description
Discusses how Erdrich's approach to boarding schools is one of safe haven not the historical negative effects on Native communities. Suggests instructors supplement teaching so students get a complete picture of boarding school experiences.
Girls and Literacy in America: Historical Perspectives to the Present
E-Books » Chapters
Author/Creator
Amy M. Goodburn
Description
Looks at how educational and societal ideologies shaped girls' writing and its reception by examining content of students' essays.
Chapter from Girls and Literacy in America: Historical Perspectives to the Present edited by Jane Greer.
Looks at how white women were involved in the removal of American Indian children to boarding schools and that their involvement implicated them in one of the most cruel, yet largely unexamined, policies of colonialism within the American West.
The North American Review, vol. 159, no. 455, October 1894, pp. 434-447
Description
Author criticizes the U.S. government's actions with respect to American Indians, but attributes it to "the inevitable law of the subjection of the inferior to the superior race". Argues that this means that they face "extermination or absorption into the civilized citizenship".
Reflects attitudes and policies of the time.
American Indian Culture and Research Journal, vol. 22, no. 2, 1998, pp. 171-192
Description
Looks at the education system, at the turn of the century, through the eyes of Charlie Twist from Pine Ridge, South Dakota, who enrolled in the Rapid City Indian School in 1909.
Land of Sunshine, vol. 7, June-November 1897, pp. 242-247
Description
Teacher at the government boarding school operated on the Pima Indian Reservation, Arizona describes the personalities of individual students and relays anecdotes from the classroom.
Reflects the attitudes and policies of the time.
Indian Tribes and Statehood: A Symposium in Recognition of Oklahoma's Centennial
Articles » General
Author/Creator
Ann Murray Haag
Tulsa Law Review, vol. 43, no. 1, Fall, 2007, pp. 149-168
Description
Discusses: history of the schools, consequences of removal for individuals and their families, impact of child placement services and welfare programs, and potential remedies.
[Curriculum Units by National Fellows of the Yale National Initiative ; vol. 1, 2016]
[Yale National Initiative National Seminars]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Barbara Prillaman
Description
Curriculum unit developed for high school students. Objective is for students to be able to answer the following questions: What is assimilation and its variety of terms and how are these sociological concepts related to Native American people? How was assimilation used as a discrimination tool against Native American people? How have Native American people resisted these assimilation attempts? and How have Native American people demonstrated their resilience to these assimilation policies over time?
Boarding School Blues: Revisiting American Indian Educational Experiences
E-Books » Chapters
Author/Creator
Margaret D. Jacobs
Description
Compares the forced removal of American Indian and Aboriginal children in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, arguing that governments intentionally removed indigenous children to institutions as acts of colonial control, not assimilation.
Chapter from Boarding School Blues: Revisiting American Indian Educational Experiences edited by Clifford E. Trafzer, Jean A. Keller, Lorene Sisquoc.
Subcommittee produced extensive report which examined the history of residential, tribal and public education and made numerous recommendations to improve the system.
Presents three positions papers:
Reflections on Contemporary Indian Education by Vine Deloria.
An Historical Overview of Indian Education with Evaluations and Recommendations by Lehman L. Brightman.
Eastern American Indian Communities by Robert K. Thomas.
Newspaper produced by the Haskell Indian Junior College (an American residential school). Covers the years 1904, 1916-1918, 1939-1948. Reflects the attitudes and policies of the time.
"National publication for the Indians of Canada". Focus on Indigenous issues, events at residential schools and legal decisions. Previously published as Indian Missionary Record.
Articles reflect the attitudes and polices of the time.