Pass System

Consists of an interview where Adam Solway talks about being orphaned at 8 years and adopted by the Blackfoot Reserve, Alta; his attendance at a residential school; becoming a councillor and then chief of the reserve. He comments on the issues he had to deal with as well as providing comments on contemporary lifestyles and leadership.

Interview includes a biographical account of Antoine Lonesinger's life that includes stories about farming, trapping, house construction and the making of charcoal and lime. He also tells of the murder of an Indian Agent at the hands of a Blackfoot named Owl Eyes.

An interview with Ernest Debassigae who recounts the history of the Manitoulin Island Indians and problems with Indian agents. Transcribed by Joanne Greenwood.

Examines the aftermath of the North-West Rebellion and the consequences of a pass system established by Indian Affairs intended to control Native Peoples movements.

Five elders of the Sarcee Reserve (ages 48-63) discuss their understanding of Treaty #7.

Discussion of several topics: taking of Treaty #7, boundaries of Peigan Reserve; permit system; traditional curing practices; obtaining paint forceremonials; significance of rocks in Blackfoot culture; how the Blackfoot learned from the rock spirit how to drivethe buffalo over a cliff.

Mr. Ledoux, aged 99 at the time of the interview is of mixed French and Indian ancestry but is registered as a treaty Indian. He was present during the Riel Rebellion of 1885 and gives an account of what he saw in the Rebellion; views of the rebellion and the people involved.

Lawrence Tobacco, born 1919, on the Poor Man Reserve, Saskatchewan He attended a residential school and is now involved in traditional education and counseling. He talks about farming and raising cattle on the Poor Man Reserve; shares a story of a trip he took to Winnipeg to sell cattle for a number of reserves in the File Hills area, and how Indian Affairs officials tried to bribe him with part of the proceeds of the sale; shares stories of defiance toward Dept.

Book review of: Liberalism, Surveillance, and Resistance: Indigenous Communities in Western Canada, 1877-1927 by Keith D. Smith.

Volume 1 of Report of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples.

An assemblage of images and historical vignettes from the Qu’Appelle Valley; includes pieces on the Métis, First Nations, land surveyors, Settlers, reserve lands and residential schools. Entire Issue on one .pdf, scroll to page 42.

Three elders from Goodfish Lake Reserve talk about problems of defining accurate boundaries, their rights to a timber berth, and hay meadows which they believe are part of their reserve.

Argues that prostitution has played a fundamental role in securing the necessary domination over Indigenous peoples and land in the making of the Canadian nation-state. Focuses on four examples: early settlement in British Columbia; the Indian Act; the Pass System; and Vancouver's missing women.

He gives an account of the Sioux participation in the War of 1812 on the side of the British, and the Sioux interpretation of the reward promised them by the British Crown; tells the history and whereabouts of the King George III medals given to the Sioux for their loyalty to the British Crown during the War of 1812; tells the story of two Sioux chiefs who were kidnapped in Manitoba and returned to the United States, presumably for their part in the 1862 Sioux uprising (Minnesota Massacre); tells of the dispersal of the Sioux in their flight from the U.S.

Cites many letters between government officials, NWMP officers and Canadian Army officers regarding passes and concludes these passes certainly existed. Passes came into existence after the 1885 resistance. Evidence of their use was only found in Treaty 4, 6 and 7 territories, and it cannot be certain they were used in every agency. Author states evidence indicates passes were used as late as the 1930s, but no sources are given.

Speaker discusses the importance of educators building relationships with students and staff. Duration: 28:02.

" ... explores the possibilities of treaty education for reconciliation with First Nations people, as corrective to the foundational myth of Canada and as a means of fostering ethically engaged citizenship."