Reviewed literature from journal publications, public reports and grey literature published from 2000 to 2015. Found that information was extremely limited, fragmented, inconsistent, and most often ad hoc or cross-sectional snap shots which did little to track over-time trends or comparisons with non-Aboriginal population.

Overview of the Aboriginal women's support centre, Minwaashin Lodge, a holistic treatment facility for victims of family violence and the residential school system.

Thesis (M.A.)--The University of Guelph, 2004.

Looks at data collected from a study on (HCV) infection among the Aboriginal population who use drugs and live in Prince George and Vancouver.

Examines the use of harmful substances during pregnancy. Harmful substances include alcohol, tobacco, caffeine, and psychoactive drugs. The research shows the relationship between socio-economical conditions and substance use.

When compared to non-Aboriginal children, results show Aboriginal children have a lower occurrence of diagnosis by a health professional but similar instances of asthma like symptoms.

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Thesis (M.Sc.)--McGill University, 1988.

Looks at the history of mistreatment, the resulting destitution of communities, and rise in alcoholism and type II diabetes. Capstone Experience Manuscript--Commonwealth Honors College, 2011.

Found usage occurred most often among male adolescents in grades 10-12 and that there are regional differences.

Data indicates that suicidal behaviors are more frequently reported among females than males and among younger respondents than older.

Educational Research Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Calgary, 2016.

Discusses development of an preventive intervention approach to substance abuse and reports data from an outcome study.

Divided into two parts: first section describes the Circle of Eagles Lodge Society's Circle of Care Harm Reduction for Indigenous Brothers and Sisters on Parole project aimed at addressing the opioid crisis among federal parolees; the second section describes the community dialogue and gathering report.

Divided into six sections: reproductive, maternal, and fetal health, 0-4 years, 5-10 years, 11-17 years, and universal interventions. Each section has information on background, possible mechanisms of action and interventions.

Describes the, 'Milliya Rumurra' (Brand New Day) alcohol rehabilitation program offered in the Kimberly Region of Western Australia as being geared for not just the promotion of physical health, but for the total health of the person.

Findings indicate a 10% increase in prices lowers tobacco consumption by 2%.

Describes the Positive Reinforcement in Drug Education program implemented during the 1988-1989 school year.

Looks at survey results of representative youth to determine what is spent on drugs and alcohol in one year on reservations in the United States.

Reviews intent and use of Priority-Setting Tool to gather feedback from stake holders regarding perceptions of mental health. Results will be used to set goals, vision and strategic directions.

Community Health and Epidemiology Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Saskatchewan, 1999.

English Thesis (M.A.)--University of Saskatchewan, 2011.

Discusses best practices and includes successful health promotion campaigns.

Three studies looking at social and behavioural characteristics of youth within an urban centre.

Looks at the results of interviews with thirty-nine women and discusses their history of use with psychoactive substances.

"Part of a series of guides for planning, designing and constructing adult and juvenile correctional and detention facilities on Tribal Lands".

Study followed the process and outcomes of a community-based programme used with 35 young offenders diverted from the criminal justice system.

Study focuses on three types of policy initiatives: (1) control of alcohol within tribal jurisdictions; (2) education and treatment (3) social and environmental risk factors.

Members of the Eskasoni Mi'Kmaw Nation talk about their community's experience with harm reduction and addictions treatment and recovery. Duration: 36:38.

Identifies factors contributing to underachievement and provides suggestions to remedy these issues.

Analysis of two proposed programs finds success hinges on Indigenous development based on the culture of the people the program is designed to serve.

Highlights contemporary challenges facing Indigenous peoples including American Indians and Alaskan Natives. Entire issue on one pdf. To access article, scroll to page vii.

Discusses 39 randomized groups in which early intervention or late intervention programs were examined.

Program based on the 'Living Web Model of Care'.

Examines the relationship between ADH2, ADH3, and ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol dependence in a certain group of people.

Study found psychiatric disorders in children and alcohol dependence in parents not correlated, however children living in a single parent households may have increased rates of certain disorders.

Systematic literature search of PubMed and Scopus reveals 94 articles on psychiatric research conducted on the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Research includes information on early predictors of several psychiatric diagnoses, and novel findings related to brain imaging and cognition.

Examines traditional Native American healing and ceremonial psychoactive agents and how colonization has contributed to substance abuse.

Education Thesis (MC)--University of Lethbridge, 2013.

Attempts to fill knowledge gap regarding occurrence, characteristics and relationship to drinking problems. Recommends community support and education as part of a prevention strategy.

Findings indicated a majority of respondents believed that moderate drinking has health benefits. This view was more common among males, 45 years or older, and frequent drinkers.

Commission was established to create a record of how government policies between 1950 and 1975 affected the Inuit living in the Baffin region. Report based testimonies and interviews, and archival research. Includes recommendations.

Data collected between September 2008 and February 2010 in 21 communities. Most responses divided by age group; some by geographic zone.

Data collected between September 2008 and February 2010 in 21 communities. Most responses divided by age group; some by geographic zone.