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Module 4: Changes in Expressions of Cultural Identity in

Greenland and Northern Europe

Alternate Title
CS 322: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World II
Module Four: Changes in Expressions of Cultural Identity in Greenland and Northern Europe
University of the Arctic – CS 322
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 322]
[Cultural Identity In Northern Europe And Greenland]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
[Heather Exner
Greg Poelzer
Tamara Andreyeva
Kristina Fagan
Heather Harris
Terry Wotherspoon ... [et al.]]
Description
Looks at how peoples of Greenland and Northern Europe have used media, literary works, and education to express their Indigenous identities. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 4: People of the Tundra and Mountains

Alternate Title
CS 321: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World I
Module Four: People of the Tundra and Mountains
University of the Arctic – CS 321
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 321]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
[Michel Bouchard
Greg Poelzer
Heather Exner
Ludmilla Zhukova
Jeremei Gabyshev
Ken Coates ... [et al.]]
Description
Discusses the switch from small-scale to large-scale reindeer herding and reasons for the change. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 4: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar North

Alternate Title
BCS 100: Introduction to the Circumpolar North
Module Four: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar North
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 100]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Tuula Tuisku
Kathleen Osgood
Description
Describes the peoples of the North, making distinctions between settlement patterns, migration, and assimilation of different ethnic groups. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 4: Peoples of the Reindeer

Alternate Title
Module Four: Peoples of the Reindeer
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 321: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World I]
[Section Two: Primary Societies]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Michel Bouchard
Jeremei Gabyshev
Description
Overview of reindeer biology, life style of herders, circumstances which led to intensification of herding and subsequent changes in Sami social organization. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 5: Changes Prior to Modern State Formation: Migration, Exploration, Trading and Taxation

Alternate Title
CS 321: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World I
Module Five: Changes Prior to Modern State Formation: Migration, Exploration, Trading and Taxation
University of the Arctic – CS 321
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 321]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
[Michel Bouchard
Greg Poelzer
Heather Exner
Ludmilla Zhukova
Jeremei Gabyshev
Ken Coates ... [et al.]]
Description
Overview of the impact European explorers, traders and settlers had on traditional livelihoods of Indigenous peoples of the circumpolar North. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 5: Research in the North: Emerging Issues and Practices

Alternate Title
CS 322: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World II
Module Five: Research in the North: Emerging Issues and Practices
University of the Arctic – CS 322
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 322]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
[Heather Exner
Greg Poelzer
Tamara Andreyeva
Kristina Fagan
Heather Harris
Terry Wotherspoon ... [et al.]]
Description
Discusses past and emerging practices, giving examples of projects taking place throughout the circumpolar region. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 7: Modern State–Building and Indigenous Peoples

Alternate Title
Module Seven: Modern State–Building and Indigenous Peoples
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 321: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World I]
[Section Three: Secondary Societies]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Greg Poelzer
Heather Exner
Description
Overview of emergence and characteristics of the Russian, Canadian, Norwegian, Swedish, and Finnish states and how the different regimes impacted the peoples of the circumpolar North. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 8: Identity and Language

Alternate Title
Module Eight: Identity and Language
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 322: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World II]
[Section Four: Expressions of Self-Determination in Greenland, the North Atlantic, and Northern Scandinavia]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Hans-Jørgen Wallin Weihe
Description
Discusses social construction of language with emphasis on the influence of living conditions, lifestyle, population changes and national policy. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 8: Reindeer Herding and Traditional Resource Use

Alternate Title
Module Eight: Reindeer Herding and Traditional Resource Use
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 331: Contemporary Issues of the Circumpolar World I]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Andrei Golovnev
Description
Discusses reindeer husbandry as a system of northern adaptation and traditional circumpolar resource use, its ecological and historical roots, and ethnic and geographic diversity. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 8: Self-Determination throughout History

Alternate Title
CS 321: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World I
Module Eight: Self-Determination throughout History
University of the Arctic – CS 321
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 321]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
[Michel Bouchard
Greg Poelzer
Heather Exner
Ludmilla Zhukova
Jeremei Gabyshev
Ken Coates ... [et al.]]
Description
Discusses northern movements for regional and Indigenous autonomy and cultural self-determination. Includes three examples: Greenland, Nunavut, and the Sami people of Northern Europe. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Module 9: Sami Media, Arts, and Literature

Alternate Title
Module Nine: Sami Media, Arts, and Literature
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 322: Peoples and Cultures of the Circumpolar World II]
[Section Four: Expressions of Self-Determination in Greenland, the North Atlantic, and Northern Scandinavia]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Vuokko Hirvonen
Description
Brief explanation of how identity and culture are expressed in each of these areas. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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[Module 9]: The Well-being of Northern Peoples and Communities

Alternate Title
Module Nine: The Well-being of Northern Peoples and Communities
University of the Arctic – BCS 100
[Bachelor of Circumpolar Studies (BCS) 100: Introduction to the Circumpolar World]
[Section Two: Contemporary Issues]
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Larissa Riabova
Description
Discusses the concept and assessment of well-being, compares major trends in health status, income, unemployment, etc. internationally and nationally, and looks at problems in social services delivery. Developed for class delivered by the University of the Arctic.
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Multiculturalism Policy Index: Indigenous Peoples

Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Adrienne Davidson
Veldon Coburn
Description
Nine indicators used: recognition of land/title, self-government rights, cultural rights, and customary law, upholding historic treaties and/or signing new treaties, guarantees of representation/consultation in central government, affirmation of distinct status, support/ratification for international instruments, and affirmative action. 2nd edition.
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Multiculturalism Policy Index: Indigenous Peoples

Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Veldon Coburn
Description
Nine indicators were used: recognition of land/title, self-government, customary law, and culture; legal affirmation of distinct status, support/ratification for international indigenous rights instruments, affirmative action, upholding and/or signing new treaties, and guarantees of representation/consultation in central government.
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The Myth About Lappland: Essays

Book Reviews
Author/Creator
Jan Lundgren
Arctic, vol. 20, no. 3, September 1967, p. 220
Description
Book review of: the Myth About Lappland by Johan Palstig.
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Nation-State Science: Lappology and Sweden's Ethnoracial Purity

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Greggor Mattson
Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 56, no. 2, April 2014, pp. 320-350
Description
Discusses how the categorization of Lapps (today's Sami) became the key in the development of European ideas of homogeneity, race and populations.
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The Native American Image in Western Europe

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
James H. Howard
American Indian Quarterly, vol. 4, no. 1, 1978, pp. 33-56
Description
A discussion about an American anthropologist's European visit to identify how Europeans view American Indigenous populations. During his investigation he looks at European depictions of Indigenous people in museums and libraries, Indigenous influences in European culture, and compares smaller European societies also struggling for their own cultural autonomy to those of American Indigenous people.
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Nature 1 Lappland

Book Reviews
Author/Creator
Jan Lundgren
Arctic, vol. 20, no. 3, September 1967, pp. 219-220
Description
Book review of: Nature 1 Lappland edited by Kai Curry-Lindahl.
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The Need to Conduct Studies of Swedish Saami Reindeer-Herder Subsistence Behaviours: A Case of Indigenous Resource-Use Rights

Alternate Title
The Need to Conduct Studies of Swedish Sami Reindeer-Herder Subsistence Behaviours: A Case of Indigenous Resource-Use Rights
Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Robert P. Wheelersburg
Northern Review, no. 28, Spring, 2008, pp. 161-180
Description
Examines the current political situation in Sweden related to efforts to comply with the European Community's International Labour Organization Convention No. 169 Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries.
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No Past, No Name, No Place? Urban Sámi Invisibility and Visibility in the Past and Present

Alternate Title
No Past, No Name, No Place? Urban Sami Invisibility and Visibility in the Past and Present
Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Mikkel Berg-Nordlie
Aboriginal Policy Studies, vol. 9, no. 2, 2021, pp. 96-113
Description
Discussion of Sami urbanization, urbanity, and their absence in the local culture in Scandinavia. Focuses on resistance to including Sami place names on signage and lack of public monuments which acknowledge their existence and contributions to society.
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Nomadic Circle of Life

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Kaarina Kailo
Elina Helander
ReVision, vol. 28, no. 1, 1998, pp. [14-?]
Description
Sociolinguist explains Sámi traditional knowledge systems, spirituality and culture.
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Nomadic Saami and Alcohol: Jokkmokk Parish, 1760-1910

Alternate Title
Nomadic Sami and Alcohol: Jokkmokk Parish, 1760-1910
Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Roger Kvist
Canadian Journal of Native Studies, vol. 12, no. 2, 1992, pp. 185-201
Description
Discusses the misconception that the Sami were prone to alcohol abuse and the legislation developed "to protect them."
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Nordic Saami Convention

Alternate Title
Nordic Sami Convention
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
[Expert Committee of the Draft Nordic Saami Convention?]
Description
Text of the Convention in English (unofficial translation).
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Norra Norrland (SE): Development of the "Laponia World Heritage"

Alternate Title
European Commission on Ex Post Evaluation of Cohesion Policy Programmes 2000-2006
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
[Istituto per la Ricerca Sociale and Centre for Industrial Studies]
Description
Describes initiative to develop the area as a tourist destination while safeguarding Sami culture, nature and the environment.
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Northern Environmental Assessment: A Gap Analysis and Research Agenda

Alternate Title
ReSDA Gap Analysis Report ; no.5
Resources and Sustainable Development n the Arctic (ReSDA) Gap Analysis Report ; no.5
Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Bram Nobel
Kevin Hanna
Jill Gunn
Description
Looks at the effectiveness of environmental assessments in the north and addresses research gaps.
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Of the Heart: Scoping Review of Indigenous Youth Suicide and Prevention

Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
Rita Henderson
Lindsay Crowshoe
Brittany Johnson
Naomi Parker
Stephanie Perrin ... [et al.]
Description
Sources of data: Indigenous advisors, academic and grey literature review, and environmental scan. Includes information on general context, promising practices, and knowledge gaps around service provision.
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One Health: A Strategy for Resilience in a Changing Arctic

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Bruce A. Ruscio
Michael Brubaker
Joshua Glasser
Will Hueston
Thomas W. Hennessy
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, vol. 74, 2015, p. article no. 27913
Description
Comments on the impact of climate change on the health of Arctic inhabitants and looks at ways of assessing the interface between human-animal-environment.
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Outlaws and Citizens: Indigenous People and the ‘New Media Nation’

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Valerie Alia
International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, vol. 5, no. 1 & 2, 2009, p. 39–54
Description
Discusses the evolution of technologies used to restore and create space to preserve languages and cultures while communicating across cultural, political, and geographical boundaries.
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Overview of Ongoing Cohort and Dietary Studies in the Arctic

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Pál Weihe
Peter Bjerregaard
Eva Bonefeld-Jøgensen
Alexey Dudarev
Jónrit Halling ... [et al.]
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, vol. 75, Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program, 2016, pp. 1-12
Description
Overview of primary results from several research studies on population health from Russia, Norway, Greenland, Finland, Sweden and Canada.
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Participation and Support - Associations with Swedish Pupils' Positive Health

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Maria Warne
Kristen Snyder
Katja Gillander Gådin
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, vol. 76, 2017, p. article no. 1373579
Description
Looks at health-promoting influences on school environments like peer, teacher and parental support, affluence and classroom participation.
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The Past, Present and Future of the Pite Saami Language: Sociological Factors and Revitalization Efforts

Alternate Title
The Past, Present and Future of the Pite Sami Language: Sociological Factors and Revitalization Efforts
Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi
Joshua Wilbur
Nordic Journal of Linguistics, vol. 34, no. 3, December 2011, pp. 295-329
Description
Discusses reason for decline in Pite Sami language spoken around the Arjeplog municipality in Northern Sweden.
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Pay Attention! We Live Here!

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Michael Agresta
Research Magazine (Michigan Technological University), January 1, 2014, pp. 30-32
Description
Author visits northern Sweden to see the impact of a proposed open-pit mine on the Sámi's traditional pastoral way of life.
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Perspectives on Sámi Mathematics Education

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Anne Birgitte Fyhn
Ellen J. Sara Eira
Bharath Sriraman
Interchange, vol. 42, no. 2, Circumpolar Indigenous Issues, Knowledge, Relations to Education, Science and Mathematics, May 2011, pp. 185-203
Description
Discusses three examples of Sámi mathematics which could be part of a possible Sámi mathematics syllabus.
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Positive Self-Reported Health might be an Important Determinant of Student’s Experiences of High School in Northern Sweden

Alternate Title
Positive Self-Reported Health might be an Important Determinant of Students’s Experiences of High School in Northern Sweden
Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Hanna Forsberg
Heidi Carlerby
Annika Norstrand
Anitha Risberg
Catrine Kostenius
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, vol. 78, no. 1, 2019
Description
Study used data from the health dialogue questionnaire which surveyed 5035 students between 2013 and 2016; results were analyzed to determine associations between positive self-reported health and student experience. It was found that positive health is associated with positive experiences of school.
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Preparatory Report from the Sami Parliament in Sweden/Sámediggi/Sámedigge/Saemiedigkie/Sametinget for the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Ms.Victoria Tauli-Corpuz, Prior to Her 2015 August visit to Sápmi and Sweden

Documents & Presentations
Author/Creator
India Reed Bowers
Description
Some of issues discussed are women's rights and circumstances, resource extraction, lack of legal-political structures for self-determination and Sweden's Race Biology and eugenics programs.
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Prevalence and Sensitization of Atopic Allergy and Coeliac Disease in the Northern Sweden Population Health Study

Alternate Title
Proceedings of the 15th International Congress on Circumpolar Health
Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Stefan Enroth
Ingrid Dahlbom
Tony Hansson
Åsa Johansson
Ulf Gyllensten
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, vol. 72, Supplement 1, 2013, p. article no. 21403
Description
Self-report allergy incidences mirrored antibody results. Highest prevalence was among the young and those working indoors.
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Prevalence of Self-Reported Suicidal Thoughts in SLiCA: The Survey of Living Conditions in the Arctic (SLiCA)

Articles » Scholarly, peer reviewed
Author/Creator
Ann Ragnhild Broderstad
Bent-Martin Eliassen
Marita Melhus
Global Health Action, vol. 4, no. s1, Vulnerable Populations in the Arctic, 2011, p. article 10226
Description
Compares data collected from Alaska, Sweden, Norway and Greenland and concludes that Swedish respondents had less suicidal thoughts than those in the other countries.
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